The sharper the bend, the ____ the efficiency loss.

• A. lesser
• B. unaffected
• C. greater
• D. unknown

Answer: (C)

Sharp bends disrupt fluid flow, causing more energy to be lost as turbulence and pressure drop. When the bend is steeper, the change in direction is more abrupt, which increases turbulence, boundary-layer separation, and friction near the inner radius. This means more kinetic energy is dissipated as heat and other forms of loss, so the efficiency decreases more as the bend sharpens. Therefore the efficiency loss is greater with a sharper bend.

The other options don’t fit because a gentler bend would cause less disruption (less loss), saying the system is unaffected ignores the clear impact of momentum change and turbulence, and calling the relationship unknown contradicts well-understood fluid behavior.